Loom



E. S. WEBSTER AND J. W. BELLAIRS.

LOOM. APPLICATION FILED JUNE 4,1919. 1,331,603. Patented Feb. 24,1920. 2 SHEETS-SHEET I.

0 e. 25j; f

E. S. WEBSTER AND I. W. BELLAIHS.

, LOOM.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 4, I9I9.

1,331,603, Patented Feb. 24,1920.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

UNITED STATES PATENT GFFICE.

EMMETT s. WEBSTER, or sourir BEND, AND JOHN w. BELLAIRS, or lMrsnnwkkn,

A INDIANA.

Loom,

Y Specification of Letters Patent Patented Feb. 24, 1920.

To 'all whom t may concern:

Beit known that we, EMMETT S. WEBSTER and JOHN W. BELLAIRS, citizens of the United States, residing, respectively, at South Bend and Mishawaka, in the county of St. Joseph and State of Indiana, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Looms, of which the following is a specification. j

lOur invention relates to an improvement in looms, and more particularly to hand operated loom adapted for lteaching the art of weaving.

The object of the invention resides in the provision of a loom which is simple in structure, adapted throughout for manual operation and adjustment and constructed with the view to enable the pupil to readily understand the proper maniplation of the parts in the weaving process, and to conveniently control the various operations to produce the character of the weave or the design de sired. A further object resides in the provision of linger operated means for rapidly manipulating the heddle frames and holding same in elevated position;V A still further object resides in the provision of a plurality of spools for the warp threads mounted on a common shaft for simultaneous rotation under the influence of the shaft movement, and means whereby certain of the spools inay be adjusted with'relation to the shaft to bring slack threads to the proper tension, so that the tension of all the warp threads will be maintained substantially uniform.

With the above and other objects in view,

the invention in the preferred form of details will be described in the following speciiication, reference being had Vparticularly to the accompanying drawings, in which Figure l is a side elevation of the improved loom.

The improved loom comprises a mainA frame 6, having end uprights 7 connected by side bars 8, and upper and lower crossbars 9 and 10, respectively, connecting the upperand lower ends of the uprights 7.

Mounted upon the frame is a harness frame ll, consisting of the uprights l2, and cross beams 13 secured to the upper opposite edges thereof, which construction provides an open upper end for the harness frame. Suit-ably secured to the main frame and projecting laterally thereof in line with., the harness frame is a shelf let, upon which are mounted fixed inverted L-shaped hook members l5 arranged in spaced order and in step forniation as shown.

Mounted in the harness frame ll is the harness, comprising in this instance four independent heddle frames 16, provided with the customary heddles 17, through the eyes of which (not shown) the warp threads 1S are passed, all in the` manner and for the purpose well understood in the art. Fulcrumed upon the harness frame ll, as by means of a pivot bolt 19, are levers 20, one for each heddle fra-me, and connected at their inner ends to the upper ends of the he-ddle "frames by link bars 2l. which points of connection, as at 22 and 123, are effected by suitable pivot members to permit relative angular movement between the levers and the links. The said levers project through slots 2% in one of the harness frame uprights, and their free ends terminate short one with relation to the other, and which ends pivotally support depending L-shaped, latch keys 25. Said latch keys provide a linger hold for depressing the levers, and in the act ofA depressing the same may be swung so as. to catch beneath the hook members l5 for maintaining the heddle frames so operated in elevated position. A slight outward push on the latch keys with the finger will release the saine from` the hooks, and it will thus be apparent that the operator may acquire great skill in the rapid manipulation of the latch keys to operate the heddle frames in the order desired. By having' the levers 20 of different lengths at their outer ends, the latch keys thereon are thus disposed in spaced relation viewed from the front end of the loom, asshown in Fig. '2, thus permitting a particular one to be readily operated without interference. The heddle frames are maintained in their inopera- -tive or lowered position by coil springs 26 terminally secured to the bottom of the frame, and secured at 27 to the niain frame.

Mounted at one end of the main frame is a cloth roll 28, the shaft Q9 of which is proi Wheel 31 engaged by a paWl 32 to prevent accidental unwinding of the clothfrom the roll. By a Winding action of the Cloth roll the Warp threads are alsoV brought to the desired tension. Suitably journaled at the opposite end of the main frame is a shaft' 33, having a crank handle 34, a ratchet wheel 35, and a pawl 3,6, Which paWl and rat-Chet are arranged to hold the shaft against rotation in the Winding up movement of the cloth roll. Mounted upon the sha-ft 3,3 are a plurality of Warp spools 37, having pivotally mounted thereon, as at 39, a pair of relatively diierent length pawls d0. The pawls of the two outer spools at the opposite ends ot' the shaft are adapted to engage between teeth formed by an annular row of serrations l1 in the shaft, and the pavvls ofthe intermediate spools are adapted to engage a longitudinal groove e2 rcut in the shaft. Each of the paWls is spring pressed, as indicated at 4-2, and are adapted to independently lock each spool to the shaft so that they will all turn in unison, While at the same time the spools may be rotatively adjusted With relation to each other. The object of this is to permit any slack occurring in any of the Warp threads to be taken up, so that all of the threads may be maintained under substantially uniform tension. In the act of shifting the hand shuttle 4:3, upon which the Woofy thread is Wound, back and forth thro-ugh the shed, the novice is apt to apply undue Weightl upon the Warp threads by accidentally striking the same With the hands orv with the shuttle in the manipulation of the latter, thereby causing thel threads so ailected to stretch. The marginal threads, `as carried by the tivo end spools at each end `of thespool shaft, are generally so affected, and bythe double paWl `arrangement described the slightest slack in the threads may be taken up, so as to maintain lall of the threads under substantially uniform tension.

The improved loom is designed primarily for school room use to teach the children the art'and science of Weaving, and its essential characteristics are the means for maintaininga proper and uniform tension upon the Warp threads, and the particular means for operating and locking the heddle frames in operative position.

While the foregoing is the preferred torni of our invention, We desire it to be understoody that We do not limit ourselves to the precise structure shown and described, as it is obvious that the same may be variously modied Without departing from the spirit of the invention.

A Vhat is claimed is l. A hand loom involving Ia main frame, a harness frame mounted thereon, a plurality of heddle frames arranged for vertical movement in the harness frame, a series of levers for independently operating the heddle frames, and means carried by theV free ends otsaid levers for locking the same in lowered position. Y

2. A hand loom involving a main frame,

a harness frame mounted thereon, a plurality of heddle' :trames arranged for vertical movement Yin the harness frame, .a series ofl levers for independentlyl operating the heddle frames, and means for locking the free ends of thel levers in lowered position, said means in part constituting linger keys for depressing the levers to raise the heddle frames. A

3. A hand loom involving a main trame,

a harness frame mountedthereon, a plurality of heddle frames arranged for vertical movement in the harness frame, a series oi:V

levers pivoted on the harness frame for independently operating Ythe heddle frames,

links Ypivotally connected With one end or" said levers and the heddle frames, Vlinger keys pivoted to the outer terminals of said levers, a bracket supported by and extending to one side Vof the main frame, and hoo-ks mounted on said bracket adapted for engagement by the inger keys for lockingthe levers in lowered position. A

' Y et. A ira-nd loom involving a main frame,

a harness frame mounted thereon, a plurality-of heddle frames arranged for vertical movement in the harness frame, a series of levers for independently,operating the hedldle frames, and elements carried by Vthe levers adapted for Vboth manipulating and locking the same in operative position.

5. A hand loom involving a main frame, a harness frame mounted thereon, a plurality of heddle tramesy arnanged for vertical movement in theharness frame, a series` olfV levers for independentlyv operating the heddle frames, latch elements pivot-ally carried by the free ends of said levers, and means cooperating `with said elements for locking the levers in lowered position.

In testimony whereof We affix our signatures.

EMMETT S'. VEBSTER JOHN W. BELLAIRS. 

